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来源：凤凰彩票2024-02-16 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

凤凰彩票

放河灯，猜灯谜，观展览京城美术馆奉上元宵文化盛宴******

　　本报讯(记者王广燕)正月十五闹元宵，不妨到美术馆不负良“宵”。本周末元宵节到来之际，京城多家美术馆、博物馆延时夜间开放，并举办缤纷多彩的民俗体验活动，在传承中华传统文化、增强节日氛围的同时，为市民奉上了一道道文化盛宴。

　　“一口叙说千古事，双手对舞百万兵。”皮影艺术植根于民间丰沃的艺术土壤，是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分。2月4日、5日，在“影戏人间：陕西非遗皮影展”展出之际，中国工艺美术馆中国非物质文化遗产馆将举办“欢天喜地闹元宵——陕西皮影专场”，来自陕西省的汪氏皮影演出剧团和华州创新皮影团及老腔团将带来《劈山救母》《老鼠偷油》《闹社火》等精彩演出，呈现传统和创新皮影的盛宴。

　　“张灯结彩过兔年”新春灯彩会正在中国工艺美术馆中国非物质文化遗产馆举办，重现“元夜时，灯如昼”的元宵节盛景。活动汇聚了来自北京、山西、浙江、四川、福建、安徽等地的部分国家级、省级、市级、县级非遗花灯灯彩项目，众多传承人参与设计制作，主题多样，种类丰富，绚丽多姿。其中，高5米的“彩绘兔”、长达12米的“有凤来仪”等大型作品格外“吸睛”，2006年被列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录的仙居花灯、硖石灯彩及具有浓郁京味特色的北京灯彩等也极具观赏价值。

　　将一盏荷花灯放于池中，寄托新年美好的愿望，放河灯已成为南池子美术馆一年一度欢庆元宵的传统。今年的元宵节之夜，南池子美术馆将为入馆的观众免费发放元宵限定河灯，观众可以在指定区域放灯许愿。当晚，美术馆将在各个角落悬挂灯谜，让观众在夜游美术馆的同时，体会传统节日游戏的趣味。观众还可以欣赏到“唯物思维：首届国际当代材料艺术双年展”，通过来自五大洲的艺术家们带来的66件(组)作品，开启一场精彩纷呈的材料艺术之旅。

　　为丰富观众在春节期间的文化娱乐生活，中华世纪坛在多元主题展览之余，以家庭参与、共同感受为主旨，准备了丰富的非遗体验活动。元宵节当晚，北京时代美术馆也将特别邀请单立人喜剧旗下即兴喜剧团体“火锅即兴”来到展厅，让观众在美术馆内欣赏一场即兴戏剧演出。

　　此外，多家博物馆也宣布将在元宵节当天延时开放。北京石刻艺术博物馆当天将延时开放至19:30。北京艺术博物馆将延时开放至18时，并将邀请观众参与线上猜谜。据悉，上述部分活动观众需预约、付费参加。

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

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